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English Language Characteristics

British English vs. American English

American English is the form of English used in the United States.
British English is the form of English used in the United Kingdom and the rest of the British Isles. It includes all English dialects used within the British Isles.

American English in its written form is standardized across the U.S. (and in schools abroad specializing in American English). Though not devoid of regional variations, particularly in pronunciation and vernacular vocabulary, American speech is somewhat uniform throughout the country, largely due to the influence of mass communication and geographical and social mobility in the United States. After the American Civil War, the settlement of the western territories by migrants from the Eastern U.S. led to dialect mixing and leveling, so that regional dialects are most strongly differentiated along the Eastern seaboard. The General American accent and dialect (sometimes called 'Standard Midwestern'), often used by newscasters, is traditionally regarded as the unofficial standard for American English.

British English has a reasonable degree of uniformity in its formal written form, which, as taught in schools, is largely the same as in the rest of the English-speaking world (except North America). On the other hand, the forms of spoken English - dialects, accents and vocabulary - used across the British Isles vary considerably more than in most other English-speaking areas of the world, even more so than in the United States, due to a much longer history of dialect development in the English speaking areas of Great Britain and Ireland. Dialects and accents vary, not only between England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales (which constitute the United Kingdom), plus the Republic of Ireland, but also within these individual countries. There are also differences in the English spoken by different socio-economic groups in any particular region. Received Pronunciation (RP) (also referred to as BBC English or Queen's English) has traditionally been regarded as 'proper English' - 'the educated spoken English of south-east England'. The BBC and other broadcasters now intentionally use a mix of presenters with a variety of British accents and dialects, and the concept of 'proper English' is now far less prevalent.

British and American English are the reference norms for English as spoken, written, and taught in the rest of the world; for instance, the English-speaking members of the Commonwealth of Nations often (if not usually) closely follow British orthography, and many new Americanisms quickly become familiar outside of the United States. Although the dialects of English used in the former British Empire are often, to various extents, fairly close to standard British English, most of the countries concerned have developed their own unique dialects, particularly with respect to pronunciation, idioms, and vocabulary; chief among them are, at least for number of speakers, Australian English and Canadian English.

Source: Wikipedia

Idioms

A number of English idioms that have essentially the same meaning show lexical differences between the British and the American version; for instance:

British
American
not touch something with a bargepole
not touch something with a ten-foot pole
sweep under the carpet
sweep under the rug
touch wood
knock on wood
throw a spanner
throw a (monkey) wrench
tuppence worth also two pennies' worth, two pence worth or two pennyworth)
two cents' worth
skeleton in the cupboard
skeleton in the closet
a home from home
a home away from home
blow one's trumpet
blow (or toot) one's horn
storm in a teacup
tempest in a teapot
a drop in the ocean
a drop in the bucket
flogging a dead horse
beating a dead horse



In some cases the "American" variant is also used in British English, or vice versa.
Source: Wikipedia

Vocabulary

British
American
autumn
fall
aerial
antenna
bank note
bill
barrister
lawyer
bill (restaurant)
check
biscuit
cookie
bonnet (car)
hood
boot (car)
truck
chips
French fries
cooker
stove
crossroad
intersection
curtains
drapes
dustbin
garbage can
engine
motor
film
movie
flat
apartment
football
soccer
garden
yard
handbag
purse
holiday
vacation
jumper
sweater
lift
elevator
to let
to rent
lorry
truck
metro, underground, tube
subway
nappy
diaper
pavement
sidewalk
petrol
gas, gasoline
post
mail
postcode
zip code
queue
line
railway
railroad
solicitor
attorney
tap
faucet
taxi
cab
trousers
pants
wardrobe
closet
windscreen
windshield



Spelling

British
American
colour
color
favourite
favorite
honour
honor
analyse
analyze
criticise
criticize
memorise
memorize
enrolment
enrollment
fulfil
fulfill
skilful
skillful
centre
center
metre
meter
theatre
theater
analogue
analog
catalogue
catalog
dialogue
dialog
jewellery
jewelry
draught
draft
pyjamas
pajamas
plough
plow
programme
program
tyre
tire
cheque
check
mediaeval
medieval
defence
defense
licence
license
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